- Furukawa, S.; Fujita, T.; Shimabukuro, Yards.; Iwaki, Meters.; Yamada, Y.; Nakajima, Y.; Nakayama, O.; Makishima, Meters.; Matsuda, M.; Shimomura, I. Enhanced oxidative worry inside the obesity as well as effect on metabolic problem. J. Clin. Investig. 2004, 114 , 1752–1761. [Bing Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chung, H.-K.; Yang, H.J.; Shin, D.; Chung, K.R. Aesthetics out of Korean dinners: The brand new icon out of Korean people. J. Ethn. Edibles 2016, step 3 , 178–188. [Bing College student] [CrossRef]
- Symons, Yards. Simmel’s gastronomic sociology: A forgotten article. Dinner Foodways 1994, 5 , 333–351. [Google Student] [CrossRef]
Profile step one. step one p Value is dependent on Chi-rectangular try. MetS: Metabolic problem; B: Breakfast; L: Lunch; and you will D: Dining.
Contour 1. step one p Value will be based upon Chi-rectangular try. MetS: Metabolic syndrome; B: Breakfast; L: Lunch; and D: Dining.
Table step 1. Sociodemographic and you will life characteristics out-of data participants. Dining table 1. Sociodemographic and you will lives services away from data users. 1 p Value is founded on Chi-square sample. B: Breakfast; L: Lunch; and you may D: Dinner. 1 p Worthy of lies in Chi-square attempt.
Table 3. Bmi, elements of metabolic disorder, and energy consumption because of the patterns of food by yourself inside the men and women.
Desk 3. Bmi, parts of metabolic problem, and energy intake of the habits out of food alone for the men and you can feminine.
Bonferroni post-hoc test was conducted to test the differences between groups in patterns of eating alone. a,b,c Different letters, within a row, denote the significant differences between each group ( p value < 0.05).>
Table 4. Modified potential percentages on risk of metabolic problem as well as components by designs of food by yourself within the everyone.
Dining table cuatro. Modified odds percentages into threat of metabolic problem as well as areas by designs of food by yourself inside individuals.
step one Adjusted having age, earnings, industry, quantity of family members, generation items, relationship updates, smoking status, and you may exercise. AOR: modified chances rates; B: Breakfast; L: Lunch; D: Dinner; HDL-C: HDL-cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; FBG: fast blood glucose; and BP: blood pressure.
© 2018 by the people. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This post is an open accessibility post delivered according to the terms and requirements of one’s Creative Commons Attribution (CC Because of the) licenses (
Show and Cite
Kim, C.-K.; Kim, H.-j.; Chung, H.-K.; Shin, D. Dinner By yourself are Differentially Regarding the Threat of Metabolic Syndrome from inside the Korean Individuals. Int. J. Environ. Res. Personal Fitness 2018, fifteen, 1020. AMA Build
Kim C-K, Kim H-j, Chung H-K, Shin D. Dining Alone are Differentially Associated with the Chance of Metabolic Problem inside Korean Anyone. Around the world Record out of Environmental Browse and you can Personal Fitness. 2018; 15(5):1020.
Kim, Chul-Kyoo, Hyun-jin Kim, Hae-Kyung Chung, and you will Dayeon Shin. 2018. “Dining By yourself try Differentially Of this Risk of Metabolic Problem within the Korean Folks” Globally Record regarding Environmental Search and you can Social Fitness 15, zero. 5: 1020. Find Other designs
Remember that on very first problem of 2016, that it log uses article amounts in lieu of web page quantity. Find after that info right here.
Metabolic problem (MetS) is the mix of the metabolic interruptions out-of being obese, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and you may blood pressure levels . An increasing incidence out-of MetS has been found for the Korean adults nowadays . The factors from the increasing frequency away from MetS in the Korean grownups are considering the large animal meat losing weight models , sugar-sweetened beverage models , high bmi (BMI), and you may current puffing prices .
Distribution of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors by sex were assessed by the frequency and weighted percentages. Distribution of sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics based on the eight patterns of eating alone were computed and tested by Chi-square analyses. Mean and standard errors of anthropometric and biomarkers of MetS were calculated and then compared across the different patterns of eating alone by sex. Post-hoc Bonferroni tests were conducted to detect significant differences between each group. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to ine the association between the patterns of eating alone and the risk of MetS and its five components in men and women, after controlling for confounding variables. Lastly, the prevalence of MetS was calculated in the overall population stratified by different age groups (19–39 vs. 40–64 years) and sex (men vs. women). Sample weights, strata, and pripling units were applied to account for the complex survey design, survey non-response, and post-stratification design . A two-tailed p value (< 0.05)>
Below average food behaviors such as for example missing out meals and better threat of carrying excess fat was basically discovered for older Japanese grownups exactly who ate by yourself during the a single-individual house . The new article authors discovered that you can find joint and you can shared ramifications of food by yourself and you may way of living by yourself regarding below average dietary practices and you may unfavorable wellness outcomes. In the meantime, zero extreme organization is actually found anywhere between Japanese old dudes exactly who ate and you will stayed alone and you will mortality risk into the a fully-adjusted design you to taken into account societal variations . Rather, dudes exactly who ate by yourself yet , lived with people got improved exposure to own death. This depicts restaurants alone tends to be an independent risk foundation having unfavorable fitness effects from inside the dudes, irrespective of traditions arrangements.
5. Conclusions
- Lim, S.; Shin, H.; Song, J.H.; Kwak, S.H.; Kang, S.M.; Yoon, J.W.; Choi, S.H.; Cho, S.We.; Playground, K.S.; Lee, H.K. Increasing frequency from metabolic syndrome in the Korea: Gana djevojke vruД‡e The fresh new Korean Federal Health insurance and Nutrition Test Survey to have 1998–2007. All forms of diabetes Care 2011, 34 , 1323–1328. [Bing Pupil] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Devaraj, S.; Wang-Polagruto, J.; Polagruto, J.; Keen, C.L.; Jialal, We. High-fat, energy-thick, fast-food-build breakfast leads to a rise in oxidative stress when you look at the metabolic syndrome. Metab. Clin. Exp. 2008, 57 , 867–870. [Google Beginner] [CrossRef] [PubMed]